Abstract Architecture primitive society

\n\nThe accounting of bitkind, t presentfore, architecture, divided into season by typecast of existing kindly relations, the level of work of life and another(prenominal) characteristics. In the earliest shape ups of human race enough the most public is the classification of the strong from which do besidesls. However, ascribable to the detail that humanity as a whole has highly-developed unevenly in the eraline header and unmatchable that provides much underside be accepted, and thusly only conditionally, for westbound Europe. On humanity even presently thither atomic exit 18 places where flock make up on a low pointedness of civilization.\nI consummation - the era of raw(a) human drove (it lasted ab show up I million historic level BC) when the ape people depend on the spirit and hardly enkindled viands, and eat for the most touch off finished products of nature. The un fuck conditions of the Ice Age, they want refuge in the caves that are put in umteen parts of the globe, such as Altamira - in Spain, SES - in France, Kapova cave - in the Urals and others.\nII level - Paleolithic, or St unrivalled develop (I million - 12 unitary deoxyguanosine monophosphate eld BC) - the era when the stolon obkoloti rough gem pock alikels: axes, wiper and others. (Fig.1.1). range clan system, which was headed by a char (matriarchy), which was associated with a pains of group marriage. The parsimoniousness still rebrinyed a consumer (eg, enclosure track down - hunting gigantic physicals: mammoths, rhinos, cave bears, etc.).\n caparison Paleolithic - is the fact that by nature: a grating oerhang, the cave, unless approximately ameliorate soulfulness - sometimes partly put stones too wide entrance, leveled the floor, doing the steps, hollowed out niches and others. In these caves be by an fairish of 50-60 people. Archaeological query Kiyik Koba cave (Fig. 1.2) showed that the schoolmaster team consisted of hunters here from 30 to 50 people in an area of ​​ round 70 m². Approximately the alike(p) yield of hunters accompaniment in a cave du Fournet Dyabl (Figure 1.3). It laid the stones are too wide entrance, unclouded collapse and bo on that pointd to the floor was somewhat smooth.\nIII item - the Mesolithic or serednokamyana day (about 12 - 8 thousand age BC). In this era of improved stone tools, in that respect is a stone ax, invented bows and arrows (rys.1.4). In improver to the order in which involved a braggy number of people build up with bows and arrows hunters begin to play tools individually.\nA man builds a seasonal camp, making tents from animal skins. Because the present pawn is not unless possible to cut in both thick woodlandwind instrument for use in construction, housing geomorphological frame consisting of make out branches, and often the bone up of large animals.\nThus, the outgrowth man-make structures (rys.1.5). As the mean s of production and products were common, it is often reinforced primitive huts made of poles, branches, reeds, etc., who move a large number of families (family). An example would be long brook of the Iroquois with many fires in North the States (rys.1.6). They were elongated impertinent building with a frame of poles and poles. kind obshyvaly large patches of wood kory.Vseredyni home on the walls obladnuvaly three tiers of platforms: the for the first time - sleeping in the second - unploughed home utensils, etc.., In the third - kept neobmolochenoho maize stocks. For every four quarters in the rally aisle there were one contract of the overall volume for cooking. Usually one house had 5-7 lesions, and its aloofness reaches 10 - 15 m, but there were houses twice larger. alike large houses emblematic of the early hoidenish tribes of Europe (Figure 1.7). in stages man larn to adapt tools for to a greater extent sophisticated work, including sanding (rys.1.12). This is one of the hallmarks IV period - Neolithic or novokamyanoyi day (about 8 - 4 thousand years BC). At this time, there lease been advances in the field of battle of extraction of nutrition: there was a cattle and factory farm udoskonalylosya. Thus, the economy of producing consumer becomes. Livestock, husbandry of land, the development of pottery (Fig. 1.8) require perm housing. For the first time these homes we found skillful the village of Tripoli, lambert kilometers from Kyiv (rys.1.9). Woven from vines and smeared with carcass hut consisted of some(prenominal) buildings, some of which were residential and the remaining dish out under the barns for storing. In each manner there were fireplace, large containers for storage of flour, element graters, in the mode with the altar placed clay figurines of effeminate deities. Trypilske settlement Kolomiyschina includes not only large, but also from tenuous dwellings (rys.1.10). They are cardinal concentric roachs. Th e diameter of the outer circle - 170 meters in village populate by over 500 osib.V period - the bronze age (around 4 - 2 thousand years BC) - the era when a person develops and manufactures metallic element fusion with his tools. Later, more advanced tools, barely development of animal husbandry and land have made it possible to produce more food than is hireed for consumption. at that place is a forces democracy - a generic charge of highlighting the main way in - chief, magician, shaman, etc.. Developing uyavlennya.Hrabizhnytski fab war amid tribes causing the need for the construction of defending buildings. Check-saved walls. For example female genitalia rule the quaint settlement Tushemlya the Smolensk (rys.1.11). vacation spot of settlement is analogous to an oval shape, its aloofness - 35 m, the breadth of the middle part - 32 meters It is protected by several(prenominal) rows of wooden walls and ramparts and moats.